The HSV scale clearly stands for “Hue, Saturation, Value.” It does a better job at visually explaining the concept of light, and it is a very useful one to comprehend, as it is what most sophisticated digital color pickers are based on (including all Adobe software). There is a more complex, 3-dimensional scale that allows us to look at how hue, saturation, and value intersect to create colors: the “HSV Scale.” This is a fairly simple way of looking at it, but it still might not be completely clear. The scales above illustrate the value and saturation changes of a hue in the same way visually, although they explain what’s happening differently based on how pigment works vs. The second model illustrates the same scale but explains the phenomenon based on light properties.) Pigment Scale Light Scale The HSV Color Scale (NOTE: In the simple scale diagrams below, the first model indicates amount of black, white, or grey pigment added to the hue. In terms of the “additive” light color model, though, saturation works on a scale based on how much or how little other hues are represented in the color. When a pigment hue is “toned,” both white and black (grey) are added to the color to reduce the color’s saturation. Saturation defines the brilliance and intensity of a color. Lastly, let’s look at “ saturation,” or “ chroma“ Light values with white pigment added are called “tints” of the hue name. When referring to pigments, dark values with black added are called “shades” of the given hue name. It indicates the quantity of light reflected. Next, let’s look at the “ value“Īs is discussed on the “Elements: Value” page, value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.
When discussing spectral “light primaries” (RGB), a pure hue equivalent to full saturation is determined by the ratio of the dominant wavelength to other wavelengths in the color. (Full desaturation is equivalent to a muddy dark grey, as true black is not usually possible in the CMY combination.) When discussing “pigment primaries” (CMY), no white, black, or gray is added when 100% pure. Hue is also a term which describes a dimension of color we readily experience when we look at color, or its purest form it essentially refers to a color having full saturation, as follows: “yellow”) when adding in the three components of a color. Hue is more specifically described by the dominant wavelength and is the first item we refer to (i.e. This will REALLY help you understand how color works! Color consists of three main integral parts: Color is the light wavelengths that the human eye receives and processes from a reflected source.įor the physics behind color, see the Primary Color Models page. In short, color is the visual byproduct of the spectrum of light as it is either transmitted through a transparent medium, or as it is absorbed and reflected off a surface.
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